CONCEPT OF PRODUCTION

CONCEPT OF PRODUCTION

Production function is ‘the part of an organisation, which is concerned with the transformation of a range of inputs into the required outputs (products) having the requisite quality level’. Production is defined as ‘the step-by-step conversion of one form of material into another form through chemical or mechanical process to create or enhance the utility of the product to the user’. Thus production is a value addition process. At each stage of processing, there will be value addition. Edwood Buffa defines production as ‘a process by which goods and services are created’. Some examples of production are: manufacturing custom-made products like, boilers with a specific capacity, constructing flats, some structural fabrication works for selected customers, etc., and manufacturing standardized products like, car, bus, motor cycle, radio, television, etc.

PRODUCTION SYSTEM

The production system is ‘that part of an organisation, which produces products of an organisation. It is that activity whereby resources, flowing within a defined system, are combined and transformed in a controlled manner to add value in accordance with the policies communicated by management’. 
A simplified production system is shown below:

The production system has the following characteristics:

1. Production is an organised activity, so every production system has an objective. 
2. The system transforms the various inputs to useful outputs. 
3. It does not operate in isolation from the other organisation system. 
4. There exists a feedback about the activities, which is essential to control and improve system performance.

CLASSIFICATION OF PRODUCTION SYSTEM

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